The Use of ICT for an Individual and Sythematic Development of Writing Abilities with Children with Special Needs in the 1st Grade of the Primary School

Vida Fifonja Hanc
[email protected]
Osnovna šola Odranci

Povzetek

V prispevku so predstavljeni primeri uporabe informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije pri razvijanju predopismenjevalnih zmožnosti in sistematičnega razvijanja tehnike pisanja v procesu opismenjevanja učencev s cerebralno paralizo v prvem razredu. V oddelek prvega razreda sta vključena dva otroka s posebnimi potrebami s kombiniranimi motnjami. Ugotavljamo, da nam IKT ponuja različne možnosti za udejanjanje prilagoditev, ki jih ti učenci pri pouku potrebujejo. Omogoča nam razvijati sposobnosti metajezikovnega zavedanja z najučinkovitejšim didaktičnim pristopom za to starostno obdobje, tj. didaktično igro.
Zgodnje uvajanje IKT v proces poučevanja otrok s cerebralno paralizo je dober temelj za učinkovito opismenjevanje – učenje branja in pisanja.
V prispevku predstavljam nekaj primerov dejavnosti pred delom z e-gradivi in e-gradiva za spodbujanje: vidnega razločevanja, orientacije v smeri branja in pisanja in organizacijske oblike dela z IKT.
Glede na sposobnosti, intenzivnost motnje ter nivo znanja učencev pri delu z IKT pri pripravi e-gradiv upoštevamo primernost programskih orodij in programske opreme. Pri načrtovanju in izvajanju dejavnosti uporabljamo: prenosni računalnik, stacionarni računalnik v računalniškem kotičku, I-tablo s programom Activstudio professional, lastna e-gradiva, programe Miškin potep, spletne strani z zbranimi brezplačnimi vajami za razvijanje grafomotorike, program GCompris, fotoaparat in videokamero.

Ključne besede: opismenjevanje, prilagoditve, cerebralna paraliza, IKT, aktiven učenec

Abstract

This paper presents the use of information and communication technology while developing preliterate abilities and systematically developing writing techniques in the process of becoming literate with children with cerebral paralysis in the first grade. In the first grade there are two children with special needs with combined disorders. We found out that ICT offers different possibilities for accommodations which these children need at classes. It enables us to develop abilities of metalinguistic awareness through most effective didactic approaches for this age – didactic games.
Early use of ICT in the process of teaching children with cerebral paralysis is a good starting point for an effective literacy – learning reading and writing.
In this paper I present some examples of activities before working with e-materials and e-materials for the stimulation of visual distinction, orientation of writing and reading.
According to the abilities, intensity of the disorder and the level of knowledge of the students at working with ICT, we choose the right level of program tools and program software when preparing e-materials. While planning and carrying out the activities we use a laptop, interactive board, our own e-materials, the software Miškin potep, webpages with free activities for developing graphomotorics, GCompris.

Key words: literacy, accommodations, cerebral paralysis, ICT, an active student