Sistem učenja NTC – razvoj bioloških potencialov otroka

NTC learning system - Development of Child Biological Potentials

Ranko Rajković

Povzetek

Število otrok z motnjami v razvoju v Centralni Evropi nenehno narašča. Nekatere raziskave, ki so jih izvedli v petih državah v letih 2011/12, so pokazale, da ima kar 50% predšolskih otrok kakšno vrsto motnje (npr. težave z motoričnimi sposobnostmi, ploskimi stopali, koordinacijo oči in rok). Zaskrbljujoče je, da so te težave v porastu, kar lahko razložimo samo s pomočjo genetike. Razvojne motnje se pojavijo, ker se v določenih delih možganov ne razvije optimalno število sinaps. Splošno znano pa je, da so s številom sinaps povezane tudi intelektualne sposobnosti. Zaradi tega je pojav še toliko bolj zaskrbljujoč.
Program NTC temelji na sodobnih dognanjih o delovanju možganov, posebej na dejstvu, da je število nevronskih povezav, ki se oblikujejo v zgodnjem otroštvu, poleg podedovanega potenciala ključnega pomena za razvoj intelektualnih sposobnosti. Prva stopnja programa stimulira nastajanje teh povezav, druga predstavlja stimulacijo razvoja učnih zmožnosti z igrami, med katerimi prevladujejo asociativno mišljenje, abstraktna zaporedja in klasifikacije. Tretja stopnja se osredinja na razvoj funkcionalnega mišljenja (kjer klasifikacije in asociacije igrajo zelo pomembno vlogo). Program uporabljajo v desetih evropskih državah.

Abstract

The number of children with developmental disabilities in the region of Central Europe marks constant increase. Certain parts of researches conducted in 5 countries in 2011/12 showed that over 50% of preschool children have some kind of disability (fine motor skills/flat feet/ eye-hand movement). It is worrying that this phenomenon has upward trend, which can't be explained only by genetics. These developmental disabilities occur because the optimal number of synapses did not develop in certain brain regions. And it is a well known fact that intellectual abilities, among others, depend on the total number of synapses. That is why it is alarming if more kids have developmental disabilities.
NTC program is based on contemporary results of brain function research. More precisely on the fact that, apart from inherited potential, number of neural connections intensively formed in the very early childhood is decisive for the development of intellectual abilities. The first phase of the program aims to stimulate the formation of these connections, the second phase represents the stimulation of development of learning abilities through games, which are dominated by associative thinking, abstract seriations and classifications. The third phase is focused on the development of functional thinking (where thought classifications and associations play very important role). The program is implemented in 10 European countries.