UČNO OKOLJE LOGO V I.TRIADI OŠ

LOGO LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN THE FIRST THREE-YEAR PERIOD

Doroteja Čebular, I. OŠ Rogaška Slatina

Predstavitev

Povzetek
V Logu je zelo enostaven postopek za pripravo programa. Podoben je postopku, ko računalnik oziroma želvico učimo, da uboga nek ukaz, ga dodajamo k že znanim in se igramo.

Pri samem delu uporabljamo LOGO želvico. To je v resnici poenostavljena sličica v obliki želve, poenostavljene glave želve v obliki trikotnika, ki gleda v smeri puščice in ji je ime »Elvica«

MSP je orodje, s katerim sestavljamo računalniški program. Znotraj njega bom predstavila MSR, s katerim sestavljamo računalniški program za risanje, in MSG, s katerim sestavljamo program za glasbo. Otroci v orodju MSR s klikanjem ustreznih gumbov izbirajo ukaze in ustrezne podatke o velikosti kota in številu korakov. V orodju MSG pa s klikanjem gumbov v spodnjem oknu izbirajo hitrost, dolžino tona, pavzo, v zgornjem oknu pa višino tona.

Kot skupina se pogovorimo o nalogi, v dvojici si izmenjata mnenja, ideje, po možnosti tudi narišeta skico in skupaj v medsebojni komunikaciji sestavita zastavljeni program. Na koncu dela sledi razgovor in ogled sestavljenih programov.

S pomočjo praktičnih izkušenj, predznanja iz vrtca, večjega števila vključenih otrok I. triletja OŠ in dovolj velikega števila računalnikov delo poteka od večje skupine preko dvojice v individualni razgovor. Delo in končni uspehi na tekmovanju nam kažejo kvaliteto našega dela.

Ključne besede
učno okolje logo, želvica »elvica«, ukazi, orodja, programi, program risanja, program glasbe, koraki, koti, nastavitve, barva, debelina, zvok, ton, konec, otroci

Abstract
Logo is a simple programming language designed to support constructive learning. It is used to construct programs by making the turtle follow different commands. Programming is done by adding new words to the existing vocabulary. The new words may then be used as a part of another instruction. In this way Logo is similar to the way small children learn spoken language.

The procedure involves the turtle Elvica, which is an on-screen cursor that can be given a number of instructions. It is called so because it is pictorially represented as a triangular turtle head icon with a pointer attached to it. The pointer shows you which direction the turtle is facing. It moves with commands that are relative to its position, therefore pupils can understand and predict its motion by imagining what they would do if they were the turtle.

MSP is a tool for creating computer programs in Logo. It comprises MSR, a drawing tool, and MSG, a tool for making music. My objective is to introduce MSR and MSG as procedures to accomplish specific tasks. In MSR children familiarize themselves with the basic drawing capabilities, such as defining the size of an angle and the number of steps required to draw it. In MSG children use commands that produce sounds of a specified pitch and duration, set a tempo and make a pause.

I start a lesson by introducing and discussing a task. Pupils are assigned to work on it in pairs. They share their ideas and solve the challenges collaboratively. When the programs have been created, they are presented in front of the class.

Logo can be used across a wide range of curriculum areas. It inspires pupils to think, connect, and share. They work equally well on individual basis, as they do in pairs, in groups or as a whole class. They have picked it up easily and are enthusiastic about it, since it is like ''playing a game''. The quality of our classroom work is reflected in their success in Logo programming competitions.

Keywords
Logo learning environment, Turtle Elvica, tools, programmes, drawing programme, music programme, steps, angles, settings, colour, thickness, sound, tone, end, children